What does the expression "pumping at draft" refer to?

The expression "pumping at draft" specifically refers to the process of drawing water from an open source, such as a river, lake, or pond, rather than pulling water from a pressurized source like a tanker or hydrant. This technique is essential in firefighting operations, especially in areas where access to hydrants is limited or when more water is needed than what can be carried in the apparatus.

When drafting from an open source, the fire apparatus must create a vacuum to draw water upward through the suction hose. Successfully drafting requires appropriate equipment, knowledge of the site conditions, and often the use of a strainer at the end of the suction hose to prevent debris from entering the pump. This process is crucial for maintaining a steady water supply during fire operations and highlights the need for skillful operation of the fire pump under unique circumstances.