What system applies brake control through sensors on each wheel during an emergency?

The Antilock Braking System (ABS) is designed to prevent wheel lock-up during hard braking situations, particularly in emergencies. It does this by using sensors located at each wheel to monitor their rotational speed. If the system detects that any wheel is about to lock up, it modulates brake pressure to that wheel, allowing it to continue rotating. This not only helps maintain steering control during an emergency stop but also minimizes the risk of skidding.

In contrast, while Electronic Stability Control does utilize inputs from wheel sensors, its main function is to enhance vehicle stability by controlling brake force to individual wheels during cornering. The Hydraulic Brake System and Pneumatic Brake System are types of braking systems but do not specifically focus on the technology of preventing wheel lock-up in emergency scenarios like ABS does. Therefore, ABS is the correct answer as it uniquely addresses brake control through wheel sensors during emergencies, ensuring better safety and control.